Harriet Tubman was born into slavery and escaped, then risked her life repeatedly to return to the South and lead dozens of enslaved people to freedom through the Underground Railroad. Guided by extraordinary courage, faith, and strategic brilliance, she became one of the most effective conductors in American history, never losing a single person she guided to freedom. Beyond emancipation, she served the Union during the Civil War as a nurse, scout, and spy, and devoted her later life to advocating for women’s rights and dignity for the formerly enslaved.